What is the effect of using too low a print temperature?

Using too low a print temperature can lead to poor flow and weak layer adhesion in prints. This occurs because thermoplastics, the materials commonly used in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), require a certain temperature range to properly melt and flow. If the temperature is set too low, the filament may not fully reach its melting point, resulting in a viscous or even solid state that impedes its ability to extrude smoothly through the nozzle.

When this happens, the filament may struggle to flow consistently, causing gaps and inconsistencies in the printed layers. Additionally, weak adhesion between layers can occur because the material does not bond effectively when it cools too rapidly and does not achieve the necessary interlayer bonding temperature. This can ultimately compromise the structural integrity of the finished object, leading to issues such as cracking or layer separation during post-processing or use.

Thus, maintaining the appropriate printing temperature is crucial for achieving optimal flow and ensuring strong layer adhesion in 3D printed objects.