What are support structures in FDM?

Support structures in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) refer to additional materials that are printed to support overhangs and complex features of a design. When 3D printing an object with parts that extend out without sufficient material underneath, such as bridges, cantilevers, or intricate geometries, support structures are necessary to ensure those features can be built without sagging or collapsing during the printing process.

During the printing phase, these supports are crucial for maintaining the integrity of the object, especially when the layer-by-layer process is used to build the final model. After the print is complete, the support structures can often be removed, leaving the desired shape intact. This concept is vital for achieving successful prints in FDM technology, particularly for intricate designs that incorporate undercuts or overhangs.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the function of support structures. While adhesion to the print bed is important, it relates to the initial stage of printing rather than ongoing support. Decorative elements do not primarily serve a functional role in supporting the print, and layers improving color distribution do not pertain to structural needs during the printing process.