How does layer height affect print quality in FDM?

Layer height plays a significant role in determining the print quality in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing. When smaller layer heights are used, the printer lays down thinner layers of material with each pass, which allows for greater precision and finer detail in the printed object. This is particularly important for intricate designs or features that require sharp edges or complex geometries.

Smaller layer heights create a more seamless appearance because there are more layers to cover up any defects that might occur during the layering process. This can lead to smoother surfaces, as each layer blends more seamlessly into the next, reducing the appearance of the layer lines that are more evident when using larger layer heights.

Conversely, while larger layer heights can speed up the printing process due to fewer layers being required, they generally do not yield the same level of detail or surface finish. As a result, achieving high-quality prints, especially when fine details are necessary, is often best accomplished with smaller layer heights.